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- Title
FIELD PERFORMANCE, DISSEMINATION, IMPACT AND TRACKING OF SUBMERGENCE TOLERANT (Sub1) RICE VARIETIES IN SOUTH ASIA.
- Authors
SINGH, U. S.; DAR, M. H.; SINGH, SUDHANSHU; ZAIDI, N. W.; BARI, M. A.; MACKILL, D. J.; COLLARD, B. C. Y.; SINGH, V. N.; SINGH, J. P.; REDDY, J. N.; SINGH, R. K.; ISMAIL, A. M.
- Abstract
Flash flooding is one of the most important yield limiting factors of rice in South Asia, particularly in eastern India and Bangladesh. Productivity of flood-prone areas is not only low but also unstable. Swarna is the most popular variety of India and Bangladesh, and covers about 6 million ha in these two countries. This was the first variety for which the flash-flood tolerance gene (SUB1A) was introgressed using marker assisted backcrossing. Later, this gene was introgressed into 4 more mega rice varieties of South Asia (Samba Mahsuri, IR64, CR1009 of India and BR11 of Bangladesh). The Sub1 varieties, particularly Swarna-Sub1, in India, Bangladesh and Nepal and BR11-Sub1 in Bangladesh, showed excellent performance. They offered a yield advantage of up to 1 to 3 t/ha, depending upon the duration of submergence, and were as good or better than original varieties, when there were no floods. Swarna-Sub1 was released for cultivation in India in 2009; Swarna-Sub1 and BR11-Sub1 in Bangladesh in 2010 and Samba Mahsuri-Sub1 and Swarna-Sub1 in Nepal in 2011. Due to their excellent performance in farmers'fields and the proactive role played by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funded 'Stress Tolerant Rice for Africa and South Asia (STRASA) program, these varieties have been widely promoted and adopted by farmers. Key aspects of the successful adoption by farmers was due to strong support and commitment from national systems for varietal release, development of promotion and policy strategies and guidelines, and the development of an extensive network of the partners from public and private sectors, non-government organizations (NGOs), farmers organizations for seed multiplication and dissemination, and innovative interventions such as pre-release seed multiplication and dissemination, awareness creation, and post-release targeted dissemination. These Sub1 varieties are now spreading at an unprecedented pace in India, Bangladesh and Nepal, and are expected to cover >5 million ha by 2014 in these three countries. These Sub1 varieties also encourage farmers to use more inputs. Thus, they have the potential to usher a second green revolution in the flood-prone rainfed rice areas, which did not benefit from the first green revolution initiated during the mid-sixties.
- Subjects
SOUTH Asia; RICE; CULTIVARS; FLOODS; GENETIC markers
- Publication
SABRAO Journal of Breeding & Genetics, 2013, Vol 45, Issue 1, p112
- ISSN
1029-7073
- Publication type
Article