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- Title
A Review on the Design of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials as MRI Contrast Agents.
- Authors
Garifo, Sarah; Vangijzegem, Thomas; Stanicki, Dimitri; Laurent, Sophie
- Abstract
The administration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) has been conducted since 1988 by clinicians to enhance the clarity and interpretability of MR images. CAs based on gadolinium chelates are the clinical standard used worldwide for the diagnosis of various pathologies, such as the detection of brain lesions, the visualization of blood vessels, and the assessment of soft tissue disorders. However, due to ongoing concerns associated with the safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents, considerable efforts have been directed towards developing contrast agents with better relaxivities, reduced toxicity, and eventually combined therapeutic modalities. In this context, grafting (or encapsulating) paramagnetic metals or chelates onto (within) carbon-based nanoparticles is a straightforward approach enabling the production of contrast agents with high relaxivities while providing extensive tuneability regarding the functionalization of the nanoparticles. Here, we provide an overview of the parameters defining the efficacy of lanthanide-based contrast agents and the subsequent developments in the field of nanoparticular-based contrast agents incorporating paramagnetic species.
- Subjects
CONTRAST media; GADOLINIUM; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; NANOSTRUCTURED materials; BRAIN damage
- Publication
Molecules, 2024, Vol 29, Issue 7, p1639
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules29071639