The article offers a brief history of the Pre-Inca civilisation of Chachapoyas in Peru. Topics discussed include the renewed interest in the Chachapoya ruins of the Kuélap region and the recognition it received from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the estimated population of the ancient Chachapoya people before the invasion of the Inca Empire in the 1470s, and the rediscovery of the Kuélap region in 1843.