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- Title
Intensive management simultaneously reduces yield gaps and improves milling and baking properties of bread wheat.
- Authors
Raj, Anu Suprabha; Siliveru, Kaliramesh; McLean, Reuben; Prasad, Pagadala V. Vara; Lollato, Romulo P.
- Abstract
Genotype (G), environment (E), management (M), and their interactions determine grain yield, biochemical composition, and quality of wheat. However, we are not aware of studies evaluating whether intensive management can simultaneously reduce yield gaps and improve wheat milling and baking attributes, which were our main objectives. A factorial experiment of five genotypes × four management intensities (farmer practice, high‐input, high‐input minus nitrogen, and high‐input minus fungicide) was conducted in six Kansas (United States) environments resulting from the combination of four locations and three seasons. Grain yield and 13 parameters characterizing the grain (test weight [TWT], thousand kernel weight [TKW], grain protein [GP]), flour (e.g., ash, protein), dough (e.g., water absorption [WA], dough stability [DS]), and baking qualities (loaf volume [LV]) were measured. For most variables, the primary contributor of the variance was E while M and G were secondary and tertiary contributors, except for LV in which G was a larger moderator. High input practices increased yield (4206 kg ha−1) compared to farmer practice (3347 kg ha−1) suggesting a yield gap of 859 kg ha−1. Management intensities receiving foliar fungicides improved grain properties related to milling characteristics (i.e., TKW and TWT), while management intensities receiving more nitrogen improved baking characteristics (e.g., WA and DS). Across sources of variation, yield response to improved management associated positively with the responses of TKW, TWT, and in some cases, GP, and WA. Our results showed the possibility of simultaneously improving grain yield and selected milling and baking attributes of bread wheat genotypes through intensive management. Core Ideas: High‐input management reduced wheat yield gap and improved milling and baking attributes.E was the largest driver of yield and milling and baking qualities, followed by M and lastly by G.Fungicide application improved yield and grain characteristics related to milling (grain weight, test weight).Higher N rates improved yield as well as flour and dough characteristics related to baking (protein, stability).
- Subjects
KANSAS; GRAIN yields; WHEAT; FLOUR; BAKING; FACTORIAL experiment designs; BREAD; DOUGH; FUNGICIDES
- Publication
Crop Science, 2023, Vol 63, Issue 2, p936
- ISSN
0011-183X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/csc2.20906