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- Title
Magnetotelluric Evidence for Lithospheric Alteration Beneath the Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen: Implications for Thermal Structure of South China.
- Authors
Cheng, Yuanzhi; Hu, Xiangyun; Han, Bo; Li, Yiman; Kong, Yanlong; Tang, Ji
- Abstract
The Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen experienced a polyphase tectonomagmatism and is a key region for deciphering the alteration and thermal structure of the South China Block lithosphere. Herein, an electrical resistivity model of the lithosphere is presented via the three‐dimensional inversion of broadband (0.003–3600 s) magnetotelluric (MT) data collected along a 380‐km‐long profile comprising 62 MT sites across the Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen, and the robustness of this model is critically evaluated through a series of sensitivity tests. The resistivity model reveals that the upper crust of the Cathaysia Block and the Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen is dominated by high‐resistivity sedimentary cover interposed with low‐resistivity features, mainly along fault zones. High‐resistivity bodies and strong conductors in the upper crust are interpreted as magmatic rocks and tectonic mélanges, respectively. Another feature of this resistivity model is the presence of zones featuring enhanced electrical conductivity (<30 Ωm) extending from the lower crust to the upper mantle beneath the Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen. The conductors in the lower crust are attributed to saline fluids from either the dehydration of the subducting Paleo‐Pacific slab or the regional metamorphism‐induced dehydration of sandy argillaceous rocks. In contrast, the conductors in the upper mantle are attributed to 4%–7% partial melt, which corresponds to the analyses of mantle xenoliths in South China. These conductors in the upper crust and upper mantle supply volatiles and heat to shallow geothermal systems. This work ultimately shows that the lithospheric thinning of South China is controlled mainly by mantle upwelling caused by the retreat of the subducting Paleo‐Pacific slab. Plain Language Summary: The lithospheric alteration and thermal structure of South China are mainly controlled by the Earth's deep tectonics and magmatic activity. Some recent models have proposed to explain the mechanism of tectonic deformation in South China such as Paleo‐Pacific subduction model. The Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen, nestled in the interior of South China is a key region for deciphering the alteration and thermal structure of the South China lithosphere. Magnetotellurics (MT) data are acquired via a passive source produced by solar wind and lightning to image the electrical resistivity structure of the Earth. This study presents the electrical structure of the lithosphere beneath the Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen derived from the MT data. The conductors in the crust are interpreted as tectonic fracture zones rich in saline fluids, whereas the conductors in the upper mantle are caused by partial melting. This work shows that the lithospheric thinning is attributed to the thermal erosion generated by upwelling in the asthenosphere. Key Points: The electrical structure of the lithosphere beneath the Wuyi‐Yunkai Orogen is imaged via the inversion of magnetotelluric dataA strong large‐scale conductor extending through the lower crust into the upper mantle is imaged along the Wuchuan‐Sihui shear zoneThe conductor in the upper mantle is attributed to partial melt and lithospheric alteration
- Subjects
CHINA; MAGNETOTELLURICS; EARTH resistance (Geophysics); ELECTRICAL resistivity; ELECTRIC conductivity; SOLAR wind; FAULT zones; LITHOSPHERE
- Publication
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: G3, 2022, Vol 23, Issue 11, p1
- ISSN
1525-2027
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1029/2022GC010456