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- Title
Longitudinal Analysis of Coronavirus-Neutralizing Activity in COVID-19 Patients.
- Authors
Hastert, Florian D.; Henss, Lisa; von Rhein, Christine; Gerbeth, Julia; Wieters, Imke; Borgans, Frauke; Khodamoradi, Yascha; Zacharowski, Kai; Rohde, Gernot; Vehreschild, Maria J.G.T.; Schnierle, Barbara S.
- Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has now been continuing for more than two years. The infection causes COVID-19, a disease of the respiratory and cardiovascular system of variable severity. Here, the humoral immune response of 80 COVID-19 patients from the University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Germany, was characterized longitudinally. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity of serum waned over time. The neutralizing potential of serum directed towards the human alpha-coronavirus NL-63 (NL63) also waned, indicating that no cross-priming against alpha-coronaviruses occurred. A subset of the recovered patients (n = 13) was additionally vaccinated with the mRNA vaccine Comirnaty. Vaccination increased neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT), Delta, and Omicron, although Omicron-specific neutralization was not detectable prior to vaccination. In addition, the vaccination induced neutralizing antibodies against the more distantly related SARS-CoV-1 but not against NL63. The results indicate that although SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune responses induced by infection wane, vaccination induces a broad neutralizing activity against multiple SARS-CoVs, but not to the common cold alpha-coronavirus NL63.
- Subjects
FRANKFURT am Main (Germany); GERMANY; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; HUMORAL immunity; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases; SARS virus
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2022, Vol 14, Issue 5, p882
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v14050882