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- Title
Production of free lutein by simultaneous extraction and de-esterification of marigold flowers in liquefied dimethyl ether (DME)-KOH-EtOH mixture.
- Authors
Boonnoun, Panatpong; Tunyasitikun, Pemika; Clowutimon, Weerawat; Shotipruk, Artiwan
- Abstract
Extraction of xanthophylls from marigold flowers using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) was investigated. The most suitable DME extraction condition was found to be 33:0.5 (w/w) DME to dried marigold flowers ratio and at 35 °C, giving 20.65 mg of total xanthophylls/g of dried marigold flowers. Following extraction, the suitable de-esterification conditions to convert the extracted lutein fatty acid ester (the major compound in xanthophylls) to free lutein, a more bio-available form, were determined to be 2.5%w/v KOH-EtOH, at 35 C for 4h. While employing the most suitable conditions in each of the two steps gave favorable free lutein yield (16.65 mg free lutein/g dried marigold flowers), a one-step process in which simultaneous extraction and de-esterification carried out at the most suitable condition: the DME to dried marigold flowers ratio 33:0.5 (w/w), EtOH to dried marigold flowers ratio 10:0.5, 5% KOH-EtOH concentration, at 35 "C for lh, could lead to about 20% improvement (20.71 mg free lutein/g dried marigold flowers). Furthermore, the results from this study suggested th a t wet marigold samples could possibly be used both in the DME extraction for xanthophylls and in the simultaneous process to obtain free lutein.
- Subjects
LUTEIN; METHYL ether; ESTERIFICATION; MARIGOLDS; FATTY acid analysis
- Publication
Food & Bioproducts Processing: Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers Part C, 2017, Vol 106, p193
- ISSN
0960-3085
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1016/j.fbp.2017.10.002