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- Title
Value-related learning in the olfactory bulb occurs through pathway-dependent perisomatic inhibition of mitral cells.
- Authors
Lindeman, Sander; Fu, Xiaochen; Reinert, Janine Kristin; Fukunaga, Izumi
- Abstract
Associating values to environmental cues is a critical aspect of learning from experiences, allowing animals to predict and maximise future rewards. Value-related signals in the brain were once considered a property of higher sensory regions, but their wide distribution across many brain regions is increasingly recognised. Here, we investigate how reward-related signals begin to be incorporated, mechanistically, at the earliest stage of olfactory processing, namely, in the olfactory bulb. In head-fixed mice performing Go/No-Go discrimination of closely related olfactory mixtures, rewarded odours evoke widespread inhibition in one class of output neurons, that is, in mitral cells but not tufted cells. The temporal characteristics of this reward-related inhibition suggest it is odour-driven, but it is also context-dependent since it is absent during pseudo-conditioning and pharmacological silencing of the piriform cortex. Further, the reward-related modulation is present in the somata but not in the apical dendritic tuft of mitral cells, suggesting an involvement of circuit components located deep in the olfactory bulb. Depth-resolved imaging from granule cell dendritic gemmules suggests that granule cells that target mitral cells receive a reward-related extrinsic drive. Thus, our study supports the notion that value-related modulation of olfactory signals is a characteristic of olfactory processing in the primary olfactory area and narrows down the possible underlying mechanisms to deeper circuit components that contact mitral cells perisomatically. Reward-driven learning begins in the very early stages of sensory processing. This study reinforces the idea that value-related modulation of olfactory signals is a key aspect of primary olfactory processing, and identifies potential mechanisms by characterizing deeper circuit components that interact with the soma of mitral cells.
- Subjects
OLFACTORY bulb; REWARD (Psychology); GRANULE cells; RESPONSE inhibition; SENSORIMOTOR integration; ODORS; DENDRITIC cells
- Publication
PLoS Biology, 2024, Vol 22, Issue 2, p1
- ISSN
1544-9173
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pbio.3002536