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- Title
Predictors of Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life in Patients with Hypertension: A Longitudinal Study.
- Authors
Crepaldi, Maura; Giannì, Jessica; Brugnera, Agostino; Greco, Andrea; Compare, Angelo; Rusconi, Maria Luisa; Poletti, Barbara; Omboni, Stefano; Tasca, Giorgio Angelo; Parati, Gianfranco
- Abstract
Previous research has highlighted the positive impact of greater health-related quality of life (Hr-QoL) and subjective well-being (SWB) on chronic diseases' severity and progression. There is a paucity of studies investigating the long-term trajectories of these variables among hypertensive patients. The present study aims to investigate the relationships between psychological variables (Type A and D personality, locus of control—LoC, self-esteem, and trait anxiety) with SWB and Hr-QoL in patients with hypertension and comorbid metabolic syndrome. A total of 185 volunteer patients (130 males, 70.3%; mean age 54 ± 10.93) were enrolled. Patients filled out measures of Hr-QoL and SWB, LoC, and self-esteem at three time points—Type A and D behaviors and anxiety measures only at baseline. Analyses were run through two-level hierarchical mixed models with repeated measures (Level 1) nested within participants (Level 2), controlling for sociodemographic and clinical confounders. Neither Hr-QoL nor SWB changed over time. Patients with greater self-esteem and internal LoC (and lower external LoC) increased their SWB and Hr-QoL up to 1-year follow-up. A greater Type A behavior and trait anxiety at baseline predicted a longitudinal increase in most of the dependent variables. Results suggest that it could be useful to tailor interventions targeting specific variables to increase Hr-QoL and SWB among hypertensive patients.
- Subjects
ITALY; LOCUS of control; RISK assessment; SCALE analysis (Psychology); REPEATED measures design; PERSONALITY development; BODY mass index; MENTAL health; HEALTH status indicators; CRONBACH'S alpha; RESEARCH funding; HYPERTENSION; QUESTIONNAIRES; ANXIETY; EMOTIONS; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; LONGITUDINAL method; METABOLIC syndrome; PERSONALITY; QUALITY of life; RESEARCH; PSYCHOMETRICS; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors; COMPARATIVE studies; COMORBIDITY; SELF-perception; WELL-being; BLOOD pressure measurement; EVALUATION
- Publication
Healthcare (2227-9032), 2024, Vol 12, Issue 6, p621
- ISSN
2227-9032
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/healthcare12060621