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- Title
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Forage Plants in the Native Grassland of Western Inner Mongolia and Their Application for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation.
- Authors
Li, Wenlong; Li, Feng; Zhang, Chen; Gao, Jie; Tao, Ya
- Abstract
Simple Summary: Western Inner Mongolia is a principal part of the arid region in northwest China, covered mainly with semifrutex and frutex plants in the native grassland. Owing to the fact that epiphytic lactic bacteria (LAB) species are sensitive to the environment, the low nutrient concentrations, low water availability, and large changes in temperature around the phyllosphere in this region may lead to LAB species with special properties. However, limited information is available on the biodiversity and ensiling parameters of LAB on the forage plants in this region. This study was conducted to investigate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of LAB associated with forage plants in the region, and to screen for efficient strains for well-preserved alfalfa silage. A total of 73 strains belonging to 16 species were isolated, and most of strains could grow at 5–45 °C and in 6.0% NaCl, possessed good cryotolerance and osmotolerance. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum (GI19) and sucrose was the most effective combination for alfalfa ensiling, with a higher lactic acid content and lower pH, undesirable microorganism counts, and acetic acid and NH3-N contents. This additive could be used to produce quality alfalfa silage for the region to alleviate the shortage of feed in autumn and winter. This study was conducted to investigate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with forage plants in the native grassland of western Inner Mongolia and to evaluate their effects on alfalfa silage fermentation. Forage plants and their spontaneous fermentation silages were analysed using culture-based techniques for LAB isolation; the phenotypic properties and 16S rDNA and pheS or rpoA gene sequences of the isolates were evaluated; alfalfa was ensiled with four additive combinations: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum (GI19), Lact. plantarum subsp. plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus (GI19+GI51), GI19 and 20 g/kg fresh matter of sucrose (GI19+S), and GI19+GI51+S, for 60 d. A total of 73 strains belonging to 16 species were isolated. All isolates grew at 5–45 °C and in 3.0% NaCl, and most of them grew in 6.5% NaCl. Enterococcus faecalis and Lact. plantarum were 26.03% and 17.81% of the total isolates, respectively. All additives improved the silage quality, while GI19+S was more effective for alfalfa ensiling with a higher lactic acid content and lower pH, undesirable microorganism counts, and acetic acid and NH3-N contents than remnant additives. In conclusion, the LAB species were diverse, and most of them possessed good cryotolerance and osmotolerance; GI19+S was the optimal inoculant for alfalfa fermentation improvement.
- Subjects
INNER Mongolia (China); CHINA; SILAGE fermentation; LACTIC acid bacteria; FORAGE plants; SILAGE; ALFALFA; GRASSLAND plants; NATIVE plants; GENOTYPES
- Publication
Animals (2076-2615), 2024, Vol 14, Issue 10, p1394
- ISSN
2076-2615
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ani14101394