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- Title
Bone Health, Body Composition, and Vitamin D Status of Black Preadolescent Children in South Africa.
- Authors
White, Zelda; White, Samantha; Dalvie, Tasneem; Kruger, Marlena C.; Van Zyl, Amanda; Becker, Piet
- Abstract
Optimal bone health is important in children to reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life. Both body composition and vitamin D play an important role in bone health. This study aimed to describe bone health, body composition, and vitamin D status, and the relationship between these among a group of conveniently sampled black preadolescent South African children (n = 84) using a cross-sectional study. Body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone mineral content (BMC) were assessed using dual x-ray absorptiometry. Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (n = 59) were assessed using dried blood spots. A quarter (25%) of children presented with low bone mass density for their chronological age (BMD Z-score < −2) and 7% with low BMC-for-age (BMC Z-score < −2), while only 34% of the children had sufficient vitamin D status (25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL). Lean mass was the greatest body compositional determinant for variances observed in bone health measures. Body composition and bone health parameters were not significantly different across vitamin D status groups (p > 0.05), except for lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density (LS-BMAD) (p < 0.01). No association was found between bone parameters at all sites and levels of 25(OH)D (p > 0.05). Further research, using larger representative samples of South African children including all race groups is needed before any conclusions and subsequent recommendation among this population group can be made.
- Subjects
SOUTH Africa; BLACK children; BLACK South Africans; ANTHROPOMETRY; BODY composition; CHILDREN'S health; STATISTICAL correlation; STATISTICS; VITAMIN D; LOGISTIC regression analysis; DATA analysis; BONE density; CROSS-sectional method; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; PHOTON absorptiometry; ONE-way analysis of variance
- Publication
Nutrients, 2019, Vol 11, Issue 6, p1243
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu11061243