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- Title
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Socioeconomic Effects, and Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study in 2020, Iran.
- Authors
Fereidooni, Reza; Mootz, Jennifer; Sabaei, Rasoul; Khoshnood, Kaveh; Heydari, Seyed Taghi; Moradian, Mohammad Javad; Taherifard, Erfan; Nasirian, Maryam; Molavi Vardanjani, Hossein
- Abstract
Objectives. To investigate the prevalence, pattern, and socioeconomic risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) before and 6 months after the pandemic onset among a cohort of Iranian women. Methods. We conducted a population-based IPV survey among 2502 partnered Iranian women aged 18 to 60 years before (n = 2502) and 6 months after (n=2116) the pandemic's onset. We estimated prevalence and incidence of psychological, physical, and sexual IPV, and the odds of different forms of IPV associated with main exposure variables, adjusted for participant relationship factors. Results. Pandemic prevalence of IPV (65.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 63.4%, 67.4%) was higher than prepandemic prevalence (54.2%; 95% CI = 52.2%, 56.3%). At follow-up, the incidence of IPV was 25.5% (95% CI = 22.9%, 28.4%). The highest incidence was in cases of physical and sexual IPV. Women whose partners lost their employment were at significant risk of new exposure to IPV. Highest socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with less physical IPV (odds ratio = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.14). Conclusions. IPV prevalence has risen since the COVID-19 epidemic began with many women who had never experienced IPV now facing it. Unemployment of women or their partners and prepandemic lower socioeconomic status are risk factors of IPV. Monitoring programs should target these populations. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(2):228–237. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306839)
- Subjects
IRAN; INTIMATE partner violence; CONFIDENCE intervals; VIOLENCE; INTERVIEWING; GENDER; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; RISK assessment; SOCIAL classes; EMPLOYMENT; ODDS ratio; DATA analysis software; COVID-19 pandemic; LONGITUDINAL method
- Publication
American Journal of Public Health, 2023, Vol 113, Issue 2, p228
- ISSN
0090-0036
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2105/ajph.2022.306839