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- Title
Is the Greening Instrument a Valid Precedent for the New Green Architecture of the CAP? The Case of Spain.
- Authors
Díaz-Poblete, Carmelo; García-Cortijo, María Carmen; Castillo-Valero, Juan Sebastián; Siggia, Dario; Kolte, Ashutosh
- Abstract
The Common Agricultural Policy 2014–2020, set up in 2015 and extended until 31 December 2022, introduced a payment instrument called Greening. The aim of Greening was to encourage agricultural practices that are beneficial for the environment while also contributing to economic and territorial dynamism. The purpose of this article is to study the effect that Greening has had in Spain. We consider five difference-in-difference models, one for each of the variables proposed: ecological focus areas, permanent grasslands over utilised agricultural area, CO2 emissions stemming from agricultural land use changes and the presence of woody crops, agricultural income, and affiliates of the special agricultural regime. The data used come from the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, the Ministry for Inclusion, Social Security, and Migrations, and the Spanish Emissions Inventory System. For the diff-in diff estimations, we use Spain's regions as control and treatment units from 2011 to 2018, the aim being to provide observations ex ante Greening (2011–2014) and ex post (2015–2018). The results show that Greening had a limited impact, questioning its efficiency for meeting its goal, and that it is not a sound precedent for building the new green architecture of the CAP.
- Subjects
SPAIN; SUSTAINABLE architecture; AGRICULTURAL policy; FARMS; LAND use
- Publication
Sustainability (2071-1050), 2021, Vol 13, Issue 10, p5705
- ISSN
2071-1050
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/su13105705