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- Title
Grain Boundary Segregation and High Nonlinear I– V Characteristics in Fe-Added Strontium Titanate.
- Authors
Seong-Min Wang; Suk-Joong L. Kang
- Abstract
The nonlinear current–voltage ( I– V) characteristics of SrTiO3 have been improved greatly by inducing nonequilibrium segregation of Fe-acceptor dopant at grain boundaries. When Fe-doped SrTiO3 samples with different Fe additions (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mol%) were sintered at 1350°C in H2, metallic Fe particles were precipitated at grain boundaries and triple junctions. During subsequent air-annealing at 1100°C, the metallic Fe in the H2-sintered samples oxidized as Fe2O3 and FeO, and the Fe ions diffused along and segregated at the grain boundaries in the surface region of the sample. The annealed samples showed excellent nonlinear I– V characteristics (α≈173), suggesting that an electrical potential barrier was formed at grain boundaries by the air-annealing. As the amount of Fe increased up to 2 mol%, the nonlinear properties considerably increased as long as the Fe ion diffusion into the bulk grains was not considerable. The present investigation shows the processing and applicability of Fe-doped SrTiO3 as a new nonlinear device material.
- Subjects
IRON ions; CRYSTAL grain boundaries; STRONTIUM compounds; KIRKENDALL effect; NONLINEAR electric circuits; DIFFUSION; SEMICONDUCTOR doping
- Publication
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2008, Vol 91, Issue 8, p2617
- ISSN
0002-7820
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02532.x