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- Title
Antimicrobial and antioxidant flavonoids from the leaves of Oncoba spinosa Forssk. (Salicaceae).
- Authors
Djouossi, Marie Geneviève; Tamokou, Jean-de-Dieu; Ngnokam, David; Kuiate, Jules-Roger; Tapondjou, Leon Azefack; Harakat, Dominique; Voutquenne-Nazabadioko, Laurence
- Abstract
Background: Naturally occurring flavonoids have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the MeOH extract and flavonoids from the leaves of Oncoba spinosa, a plant used for the treatment of syphilis, wounds and sexual impotence. Methods: The plant extract was prepared by maceration in methanol and sequentially fractionated by column chromatography. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral studies and comparison with published data. The MeOH extract and its isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities by broth microdilution method. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays were used to detect the antioxidant activity. The samples were tested spectrophotometrically for their hemolytic properties against human red blood cells. Results: The fractionation of the MeOH extract afforded five known flavonoids including kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (4) and quercetin 3-O-α-Lrhamnopyranosyl (1→6) β-D-glucopyranoside (5). The MeOH extract displayed weak to moderate antimicrobial activities (MIC = 256-2048 μg/ml). Quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6) β-D-glucopyranoside (5) and quercetin (2) were respectively the most active compounds against bacteria (MIC = 8-64 μg/ml) and fungi (MIC = 64 - 128 μg/ml). These tested samples also showed high radical-scavenging activities (EC50 = 5.08 - 70.56 μg/ml) and gallic acid equivalent antioxidant capacities (TEAC = 53.76 - 89.86 μg/ml) when compared with vitamin C (EC50 = 4.72 μg/ml). The MeOH extract and compounds 2-5 were non-toxic to human red blood cells indicating their high selectivity to be used as antimicrobial and antioxidant drugs. Conclusion: The MeOH extract of O. spinosa as well as compounds 2 - 5 could be a potential source of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant products.
- Subjects
FOLIAR diagnosis; ANTIOXIDANT analysis; ERYTHROCYTES; ANTI-infective agents; BACTERIA; BIOLOGICAL assay; CELL culture; CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis; FLAVONOIDS; FUNGI; MOLECULAR structure; RESEARCH funding; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; STATISTICS; VITAMIN C; DATA analysis; DATA analysis software; FREE radical scavengers; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; IN vitro studies; ONE-way analysis of variance
- Publication
BMC Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 2015, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1472-6882
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12906-015-0660-1