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- Title
Both endogenous and environmental factors affect embryo proliferation in the polyembryonic waspCopidosoma floridanum.
- Authors
Corley, Laura S.; White, Michael A.; Strand, Michael R.
- Abstract
Copidosoma floridanumis a polyembryonic, parasitic wasp of the mothTrichoplusia ni. Following oviposition into a host, theC. floridanumegg initially undergoes complete (holoblastic) cleavage to form a single morula stage embryo. This embryo then undergoes a proliferation phase in which multiple, secondary morulae develop.C. floridanumhas also evolved a caste system whereby some secondary morulae develop into soldier larvae whose function is defense whereas others develop into reproductive larvae that become adult wasps. In the current study, we conducted manipulative and candidate gene studies to identify factors affecting the proliferation phase ofC. floridanumdevelopment. Transplantation of morulae of different ages into different host stages indicated that both embryo age and host environment affected the total number of offspring produced per morula. Morula age and brood size also significantly affected whether offspring of one or both castes were produced in a brood. In contrast, the host environment did not significantly affect caste formation. A putative homolog of the genehedgehog(Cf-hh) was partially cloned fromC. floridanum. In situ hybridization studies indicated thatCf-hhwas expressed in secondary morulae during the proliferation phase of development, suggesting a possible role for the Hh signaling pathway in the evolution of polyembryony.
- Subjects
DEVELOPMENTAL biology; LARVAE; HYMENOPTERA; INSECT societies; IN situ hybridization; WASPS
- Publication
Evolution & Development, 2005, Vol 7, Issue 2, p115
- ISSN
1520-541X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1525-142X.2005.05013.x