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- Title
Effects of nitrogen management on maize nitrogen utilization and residual nitrate nitrogen in soil under maize / soybean and maize / sweet potato relay strip intercropping systems.
- Authors
WANG Xiao-chun; YANG Wen-yu; DENG Xiao-yan; ZHANG Qun; YONG Tai-wen; LIU Wei-guo; YANG Feng; MAO Shu-ming
- Abstract
A large amount of nitrogen (N) fertilizers poured into the fields severely pollute the environment. Reasonable application of N fertilizer has always been the research hotpot. The effects of N management on maize N utilization and residual nitrate N in soil under maize/ soybean and maize/ sweet potato relay strip intercropping systems were reported in a field experiment in southwest China. It was found that maize N accumulation, N harvest index, N absorption efficiency, N contribution proportion after the anthesis stage in maize/ soybean relay strip intercropping were increased by 6. 1%, 5. 4%, 4. 3%, and 15. 1% than under maize/ sweet potato with an increase of 22. 6% for maize yield after sustainable growing of maize/ soybean intercropping system. Nitrate N accumulation in the 0-60 cm soil layer was 12. 9% higher under maize/ soybean intercropping than under maize/ sweet potato intercropping. However, nitrate N concentration in the 60-120 cm soil layer when intercropped with soybean decreased by 10. 3% than when intercropped with sweet potato, indicating a decrease of N leaching loss. Increasing of N application rate enhanced N accumulation of maize and decreased N use efficiency and significantly increased nitrate concentration in the soil profile except in the 60-100 cm soil layer, where no significant difference was observed with nitrogen application rate at 0 to 270 kg∙hm-2. Further application of N fertilizer significantly enhanced nitrate leaching loss. Postponing N application increased nitrate accumulation in the 60-100 cm soil layer. The results suggested that N application rates and ratio of base to top dressing had different influences on maize N concentration and nitrate N between maize/ soybean and maize/ sweet potato intercropping. Maize N concentration in the late growing stage, N harvest index and N use efficiency under maize/ soybean intercropping increased (with N application rate at 180-270 kg∙hm-2 and ratio of base to top dressing = 3:2:5) and decreased nitrate leaching loss with yield reaching 7757 kg∙hm-2 on average. However, for maize/ sweet potato, N concentration and use efficiency and maize yield increased significantly with N application rate at 180 kg∙hm-2 and ratio of base to top dressing=5:5 than that under other treatments with yield reaching 6572 kg∙hm-2. Under these circumstances, it would be possible to realize maize high yield, high efficiency and safety of N management under maize/ soybean and maize/ sweet potato relay strip intercropping systems.
- Publication
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao, 2014, Vol 25, Issue 10, p2868
- ISSN
1001-9332
- Publication type
Article