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- Title
Remediation of diesel contaminated soil by using activated persulfate with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> magnetic nanoparticles: effect and mechanisms.
- Authors
Li, Yong-Tao; Sui, Qin; Li, Xi; Liu, Xin-Yue; Liu, Hao; Wang, Yu-Qin; Du, Wan-Ying
- Abstract
In this study, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MNPs) were assessed for their ability to enhance the activity of persulfate (PS). Various controlling factors including PS dosages, initial pH, water-soil ratio, ratio of Fe2+, and Fe3O4 MNPs to PS were considered in both the Fe2+/PS system and the Fe3O4 MNPs/PS system. Results showed that the Fe3O4 MNP–activated PS system exhibited high processing efficiency owing to the gradual release of Fe2+. This process occurred in a wide pH range (5–11), attributed to the synergistic action of sulfate radicals (SO4−·) and hydroxyl radicals (OH·) under alkaline conditions, effectively mitigating soil acidification. The ratio of Fe3O4 MNPs to PS and water-soil ratio significantly influenced the degradation rate with the highest petroleum hydrocarbon degradation rate exceeding 80% (82.31%). This rate was 3.1% higher than that achieved by the Fe2+/PS system under specific conditions: PS dosage of 0.05 mol/L, Fe3O4 MNPs to PS ratio of 1:10, water-soil ratio of 2:1, and initial pH of 11. Meanwhile, oxidant consumption in the Fe3O4 MNPs/PS system was halved compared to the Fe2+/PS system due to the slow release of Fe2+ and less ineffective consumption of SO4−·. Mechanistically, the possible degradation process was divided into three parts: the initial chain reaction, the proliferating chain reaction, and the terminating chain reaction. The introduction of Fe3O4 MNPs accelerated the degradation rate of pentadecane, heneicosane, eicosane, tritetracontane, and 9-methylnonadecane.
- Subjects
MAGNETIC nanoparticles; SOIL acidification; HYDROXYL group; RADICALS (Chemistry); SOILS
- Publication
Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2024, Vol 31, Issue 23, p33385
- ISSN
0944-1344
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11356-024-33408-5