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- Title
Selenium biomarkers in prostate cancer cell lines and influence of selenium on invasive potential of PC3 cells.
- Authors
Hendrickx, Wouter; Decock, Julie; Mulholland, Francis; Bao, Yongping; Fairweather-Tait, Susan
- Abstract
Dietary selenium intake has been linked to reduced cancer risk, however the underlying mechanisms are yet unknown. We question the commonly used practice of applying selenium concentrations found in human blood to in vitro studies and evaluated the utility of bio markers, e.g., glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), to deter mine appropriate selenium levels for in vitro work. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMSC) on prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. After excluding cytotoxicity, we demonstrated that prostate cancer cell lines respond differently to selenium treatment as observed through biomarker assessment. We found that the maximum levels of GPx1 activity and TrxR1 expression were reachedatlower seleniumcon centrations in LNCaP compared to PC3 cells, and PC3 compared to DU145 cells. Therefore the use of selenium concentrations extrapolated from human studies for in vitro work may be applicable when further informed using a readout of selenium repletion including use of selenium responsive biomarkers. No effect on PC3 migration or invasion was observed after long term SeMSC treatment; however a slight increase was found when treatment was solely administered during the assay. The opposite could be observed when cells were cultured under low serum conditions, with a significant increase in migration upon long term but not upon acute SeMSC treatment. To conclude, these findings indicate that it is imperative to study the selenium sensitivity of an in vitro model preferably using biomarkers before investigating any effects on biological processes, or before comparing models.
- Subjects
PROSTATE cancer treatment; THERAPEUTIC use of biochemical markers; CANCER cells; GLUTATHIONE peroxidase; THIOREDOXIN reductase (NADPH); CANCER cell migration
- Publication
Frontiers in Oncology, 2013, Vol 3, p1
- ISSN
2234-943X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fonc.2013.00239