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- Title
A Marine Isolate of Bacillus pumilus Secretes a Pumilacidin Active against Staphylococcus aureus.
- Authors
Saggese, Anella; Culurciello, Rosanna; Casillo, Angela; Corsaro, Maria Michela; Ricca, Ezio; Baccigalupi, Loredana
- Abstract
Producing antimicrobials is a common adaptive behavior shared by many microorganisms, including marine bacteria. We report that SF214, a marine-isolated strain of Bacillus pumilus, produces at least two different molecules with antibacterial activity: a molecule smaller than 3 kDa active against Staphylococcus aureus and a molecule larger than 10 kDa active against Listeria monocytogenes. We focused our attention on the anti-Staphylococcus molecule and found that it was active at a wide range of pH conditions and that its secretion was dependent on the growth phase, medium, and temperature. A mass spectrometry analysis of the size-fractionated supernatant of SF214 identified the small anti-Staphylococcus molecule as a pumilacidin, a nonribosomally synthesized biosurfactant composed of a mixture of cyclic heptapeptides linked to fatty acids of variable length. The analysis of the SF214 genome revealed the presence of a gene cluster similar to the srfA-sfp locus encoding the multimodular, nonribosomal peptide synthases found in other surfactant-producing bacilli. However, the srfA-sfp cluster of SF214 differed from that present in other surfactant-producing strains of B. pumilus by the presence of an insertion element previously found only in strains of B. safensis.
- Subjects
BACILLUS pumilus; MARINE metabolites; STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus; ANTI-infective agents; LISTERIA monocytogenes; NONRIBOSOMAL peptide synthetases; PHYSIOLOGY
- Publication
Marine Drugs, 2018, Vol 16, Issue 6, p180
- ISSN
1660-3397
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/md16060180