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- Title
Inhibition of lipid droplet accumulation by Solanum nigrum by suppressing adipogenesis and inducing lipolysis, thermogenesis and autophagy in 3T3‑L1 cells.
- Authors
Choi, Jeong Won; Choi, Hyeok Jin; Ryu, Gwang Hyeon; Lee, Jae Won; Jeong, Jin Boo
- Abstract
It has been reported that Solanum nigrum exhibits anti-obesity effects in animal models induced by a high-fat diet. However, research on how Solanum nigrum exerts its anti-obesity effects is currently limited. Thus, the present study focused on identifying the mechanism of action associated with the anti-obesity activity of Solanum nigrum aerial part (SNAP), which significantly inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells. Intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells was analyzed by Oil-Red O staining and glycerol content was analyzed using an ELISA kit. In addition, changes in protein expression within 3T3-L1 cells were analyzed using western blot analysis. It decreased the expression level of adipogenic proteins such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, fatty acid binding protein 4, and adiponectin. In addition, SNAP increased the expression levels of lipolytic proteins, such as adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase, while decreasing perilipin-1. The treatment of fully differentiated 3T3-L1 cells increased the free glycerol levels. SNAP treatment resulted in increased AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and the expression levels of thermogenic proteins (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α, PR domain containing 16 and uncoupling protein 1) and an autophagic protein (LC3-II). Overall, these results suggested that SNAP inhibited lipid droplet accumulation by suppressing adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis, thermogenesis and autophagy.
- Subjects
SOLANUM nigrum; LIPOLYSIS; PROTEIN kinases; ADIPOGENESIS; BODY temperature regulation; CARRIER proteins
- Publication
Experimental & Therapeutic Medicine, 2023, Vol 26, Issue 1, pN.PAG
- ISSN
1792-0981
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3892/etm.2023.12032