We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Relapse activity in the chronic phase of anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.
- Authors
Akaishi, Tetsuya; Misu, Tatsuro; Fujihara, Kazuo; Takahashi, Toshiyuki; Takai, Yoshiki; Nishiyama, Shuhei; Kaneko, Kimihiko; Fujimori, Juichi; Ishii, Tadashi; Aoki, Masashi; Nakashima, Ichiro
- Abstract
Objective: The patterns of relapse and relapse-prevention strategies for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are not completely investigated. We compared the patterns of relapse in later stages of MOGAD with those of anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab)-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Methods: In this observational, comparative cohort study, 66 patients with MOGAD and 90 with AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD were enrolled. We compared the patterns of relapse and annualized relapse rates (ARRs) in the first 10 years from disease onset, stratified by relapse-prevention treatments. Results: Approximately 50% of the patients with MOGAD experienced relapses in the first 10 years. Among those not undergoing relapse-prevention treatments, ARRs in the first 5 years were slightly lower in MOGAD patients than in AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD patients (MOGAD vs. AQP4-Ab NMOSD: 0.19 vs. 0.30; p = 0.0753). After 5 years, the ARR decreased in MOGAD patients (MOGAD vs. AQP4-Ab NMOSD: 0.05 vs. 0.34; p = 0.0001), with a 72% reduction from the first 5 years (p = 0.0090). Eight (61.5%) of the 13 MOGAD patients with more than 10-year follow-up from disease onset showed relapse 10 years after onset. Clustering in the timing and phenotype of attacks was observed in both disease patients. The effectiveness of long-term low-dose oral PSL for relapse prevention in patients with MOGAD has not been determined. Conclusions: The relapse risk in patients with MOGAD is generally lower than that in patients with AQP4-Ab-positive NMOSD, especially 5 years after onset. Meanwhile, relapses later than 10 years from onset are not rare in both diseases.
- Subjects
NEUROMYELITIS optica; CLUSTER headache; DISEASE relapse
- Publication
Journal of Neurology, 2022, Vol 269, Issue 6, p3136
- ISSN
0340-5354
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00415-021-10914-x