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- Title
Boşnak kültürel kimliğinin simgeleri: Akordeon ve gusla.
- Authors
Kurtışoğlu, F. Belma; Beşıroğlu, Ş. Şehvar; Kovanlikaya, Çağlayan
- Abstract
The instruments influencing the musical production are considered as the signs of the cultural identity since they provide a perception of a collective cultural identity composed of various identity elements. The musical instruments reflect, represent an identity and allow distinguishing the given cultural identity from "others" by the "overt signs and symbols". On the other hand, they function as the means of building and maintaining the cultural identity and the belonging by transmitting and conveying the social values through time and space. Based on this argument, the musical instruments used by the Bosniak people living in Istanbul and Thracian part of Turkey were investigated by a qualitative research methodology. Using oral history and observation techniques allows reaching a result of the formation of a Bosniak cultural identity, its relation with the music and the musical instruments. With the change in the hierarchy of the elements composing the cultural identity in time and space results in forming different perceptions. The elements of the cultural identity accumulated through the history due to the several civilizations, various rulers as well as the migrations and their internal hierarchy have changed when the Bosniaks settled down in Turkey while the symbolic musical instruments were also changing. Almost all of the inhabitants of the settled lands own the Ottoman, Turkish, Muslim and Oriental elements which were at the upper part of the hierarchical order of the cultural identity elements in the previous lands of the Bosniak people as well. These elements were represented by the musical instruments, like the saz, the davul and the zurna. The elements providing a differentiation from "others" and the belonging to a cultural identity are Yugoslavian, Slav language, emigrant and Occidental features henceforth. The musical instruments, which symbolize these elements rising in the hierarchical order upwards, are changing as well; it is the accordion along with the repertoire which can be performed by the accordion. This instrument allows revealing the Bosniak cultural identity in the recently settled lands. Although it was introduced in the Bosniak music in the middle of the 19th century at the Austrian-Hungarian ruling period, they consider it as their own "traditional" musical instrument. "This traditional" instrument does not allow a wide repertoire in makam music because of its lacking capacity of performing the necessary melodic intervals. In addition to that, the performance style also alters the sense of makam. For example, the vocal quality was very important for the repertoire performed by the saz, whereas the loudness of the accordion overshadows the importance of the vocal quality. The saz, davul and the zurna enabling a wide range of makam performance are now considered as the musical instruments of the "others". So the change in the musical instrument directly affects the musical repertoire as well as the cultural identity. Disintegration, one of the results of the emigration, can be found by following the usage of the accordion. While the hierarchical order is changing, the elements do not disappear.…
- Subjects
BOSNIA &; Herzegovina; CULTURAL pluralism; ACCORDION; GUSLE; BOWED stringed instruments; SOCIAL values; MUSICAL instruments; ORAL history; MAQAM; ZURNA
- Publication
ITU Journal Series B: Social Sciences, 2008, Vol 5, Issue 2, p35
- ISSN
1303-7013
- Publication type
Article