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- Title
Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Sensitivity and Bandwidth of Thickness-Mode Driving Hydrophone Utilizing A 2-2 Piezoelectric Single Crystal Composite.
- Authors
Je, Yub; Sim, Minseop; Cho, Yohan; Lee, Sang-Goo; Seo, Hee-Seon
- Abstract
Piezoelectric composites, which consist of a piezoelectric material and a polymer, have been extensively studied for the applications of underwater sonar sensors and medical diagnostic ultrasonic transducers. Acoustic sensors utilizing piezoelectric composites can have a high sensitivity and wide bandwidth because of their high piezoelectric coefficient and low acoustic impedance compared to single-phase piezoelectric materials. In this study, a thickness-mode driving hydrophone utilizing a 2-2 piezoelectric single crystal composite was examined. From the theoretical and numerical analysis, material properties that determine the bandwidth and sensitivity of the thickness-mode piezoelectric plate were derived, and the voltage sensitivity of piezoelectric plates with various configurations was compared. It was shown that the 2-2 composite with [011] poled single crystals and epoxy polymers can provide high sensitivity and wide bandwidth when used for hydrophones with a thickness resonance mode. The hydrophone element was designed and fabricated to have a thickness mode at a frequency around 220 kHz by attaching a composite plate of quarter-wavelength thickness to a hard baffle. The fabricated hydrophone demonstrated an open circuit voltage sensitivity of more than −180 dB re 1 V/μPa at the resonance frequency and a −3 dB bandwidth of more than 55 kHz. The theoretical and experimental studies show that the 2-2 single crystal composite can have a high sensitivity and wide bandwidth compared to other configurations of piezoelectric elements when they are used for thickness-mode hydrophones.
- Subjects
SINGLE crystals; HYDROPHONE; PIEZOELECTRIC composites; OPEN-circuit voltage; DIAGNOSTIC ultrasonic imaging; PIEZOELECTRIC materials; SUBMERSIBLES
- Publication
Sensors (14248220), 2023, Vol 23, Issue 7, p3445
- ISSN
1424-8220
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/s23073445