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- Title
Neutralization escape of emerging subvariants XBB.1.5/1.9.1 and XBB.2.3 from current therapeutic monoclonal antibodies.
- Authors
Chye, De Hoe; Chew, Charmaine W. Y.; Yeo, He Ping; Tambyah, Paul A.; Young, Barnaby E.; Tan, Gladys G. Y.; Tan, Boon Huan; Vasoo, Shawn; Chan, Conrad E. Z.
- Abstract
Raw luminescence values obtained by Toxglo cell viability assay were converted into % neutralization using uninfected cells and virus-infected cells controls as reference values. Monoclonal antibody prophylaxis and therapy were widely used for early treatment to prevent progression to severe illness in unvaccinated COVID patients or those with comorbidities.[[1]] However, the emergence of the Omicron variant and subsequently the XBB recombinant subvariant containing multiple antibody-evading mutations in the spike protein has resulted in a loss of clinical potency of many monoclonals.[[3], [5]] These include casirivimab, imdevimab, tixagevimab, cilgavimab, sotrovimab, and bebtelovimab that were originally effective against earlier variants such as Alpha and Delta, resulting in a withdrawal of emergency use authorization by the United States Food and Drug Administration. However, various reports show differences in neutralization efficacy for sotrovimab, particularly between live virus assays.[[3], [5]] We tested the efficacy of tixagevimab, cilgavimab, sotrovimab, and bebtelovimab against recently emerging XBB subvariants using a live virus neutralization assay as previously described to determine if these exhibit any differences in immune evasion.[6] In 2023, XBB and its subvariants have become dominant globally; currently including XBB.1.9.1, XBB.1.16, and XBB.2.3.[7] These trends have been observed locally in Singapore as well.
- Subjects
MONOCLONAL antibodies; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant; SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2
- Publication
Journal of Medical Virology, 2023, Vol 95, Issue 9, p1
- ISSN
0146-6615
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jmv.29074