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- Title
The dependence of the electrical conductivity measured by time domain reflectometry on the water content of a sand.
- Authors
Ferré, P. A.; Redman, J. D.; Rudolph, D. L.; Kachanoski, R. G.
- Abstract
We present paired measurements of the water content and electrical conductivity collected in a laboratory column packed with a homogeneous, clean sand over a wide range of water content and pore water electrical conductivity (EC) conditions. The EC was determined using the method of Nadler et al. [1991] from waveforms collected with two-rod time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes with and without baluns and with three-rod probes without baluns. Following Heimovaara et al. [1995], we calibrated the probes in saline solutions to account for the series resistance of the cable and connectors. The calibrated EC shows a nonlinear dependence on the water content that is well described by a simple power relationship [ Archie, 1942]. Recognizing that calibration in saline solutions is impractical for some TDR probes, we demonstrate that the EC response can be calibrated directly using the results of drainage events, incorporating only a separate calibration of the cable resistance. None of the probe designs shows any clear advantage for EC measurement.
- Publication
Water Resources Research, 1998, Vol 34, Issue 5, p1207
- ISSN
0043-1397
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1029/98WR00218