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- Title
АНАЛИЗ НА РИСКА ОТ ПОВТОРНА ПОЯВА И РАЗПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ НА ВИРУСА НА АЧС В ИНДУСТРИАЛНИ, ФАМИЛНИ ФЕРМИ И ЛИЧНИ СТОПАНСТВА, В КОИТО СЕ ОТГЛЕЖДАТ СВИНЕ
- Authors
Костов, Илиян
- Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious viral disease, affecting pigs of different ages and causing huge economic losses to pig production and ending the trade in pigs, pork and products. The disease can occur in four forms: super acute, acute, subacute and chronic. The cause of ASF is a complex virus. It is typical for the disease is a sudden swine mortality, decreased appetite, abortions, cyanosis and impaired mobility within 24-48 hours before death, which often reaches 100% (in domestic pigs). Typical disease clinical signs are characterized with sudden swine mortality, decreased appetite, abortions, cyanosis and impaired mobility within 24-48 hours before death, which often reaches 100% (in domestic pigs). The transmission of the virus can be directly (through contact between sick and healthy animals) or indirectly through: feeding on kitchen waste containing contaminated pork or meat products (ASF virus is stable for 3-6 months in raw meat products), biological vectors in Africa are ticks of the genus Ornithodoros that previously had contact with infected hosts and virus-contaminated materials and surfaces (premises, vehicles, clothing, shoes, boots, work equipment, etc.). The sources of the virus are: blood, tissues, secretions and excretions from sick and dead animals, the environment, faces from pigs, meat and meat products. Virus resistance: meat with bone and no bone - 105 days; salted meat for 182 days; cooked meat (min. 30 minutes at 70 ° C); dried meat - 300 days; frozen meat - 1000 days; chilled meat - 110 days; faeces for 11 days; infected boxes 1 month. The analysis evaluates the ASF potential and the risk assessment of its spread to different regions of Bulgaria after the elimination of ASF outbreaks that occurred in 2018 and 2019 in Bulgaria as well as the repopulation with pigs on industrial, family and backyard farms. The assessment was made to support efforts to control and prevention of the spread of the disease in the regions. This approach was chosen after taking into account the large number of indicators present in more countries in the SEE region and the effect that these indicators may have on the spread of ASF, especially those related to the structure of the pig industry, the way of rearing livestock pigs, the presence and density of the wild boar population and a number of social factors. In order to assess the likelihood of the spread of ASF in already affected countries in Southeastern Europe, and in particular in the respective regions of Bulgaria, five groups of potential risk factors (indicators) that could affect the spread of ASF have been identified since its emergence. As a result of the analysis, it can be summarized that it is of the utmost importance to properly evaluate the ASF disease potential and the risk of its spread to different regions of Bulgaria after the elimination of ASF outbreaks that occurred in 2018 and 2019 as well as the pigs repopulation on industrial, family and backyards farms. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate all indicators (risk categories) that determine the likelihood of ASF occurrence and spread, contributing to the conservation of the virus in the wild and its re-emergence and spread in the pig holdings. The assessment should also take into account the scale of risk levels and uncertainty of currently collected epizootic data. This analysis could be of use by the competent authorities in deciding the pig repopulation of industrial, family and backyard farms.
- Publication
Knowledge: International Journal, 2020, Vol 38, Issue 3, p531
- ISSN
2545-4439
- Publication type
Article