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- Title
Cytosolic and Calcium-Independent Phospholipases A<sub>2</sub> Activation and Prostaglandins E<sub>2</sub> Are Associated with Escherichia coli-Induced Reduction of Insulin Secretion in INS-1E Cells.
- Authors
Caporarello, Nunzia; Salmeri, Mario; Scalia, Marina; Motta, Carla; Parrino, Cristina; Frittitta, Lucia; Olivieri, Melania; Cristaldi, Martina; Avola, Roberto; Bramanti, Vincenzo; Toscano, Maria Antonietta; Anfuso, Carmelina Daniela; Lupo, Gabriella
- Abstract
It is suspected that microbial infections take part in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM). Glucose-induced insulin secretion is accompanied by the release of free arachidonic acid (AA) mainly by cytosolic- and calcium independent phospholipases A2 (cPLA2 and iPLA2). Insulinoma cell line (INS-1E) was infected with E. coli isolated from the blood culture of a patient with sepsis. Invasion assay, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy demonstrated the capacity of E. coli to enter cells, which was reduced by PLA2 inhibitors. Glucose-induced insulin secretion was significantly increased after acute infection (8h) but significantly decreased after chronic infection (72h). PLA2 activities, cPLA2, iPLA2, phospho-cPLA2, and COX-2 expressions were increased after acute and, even more, after chronic E. coli infection. The silencing of the two isoforms of PLA2s, with specific cPLA2- or iPLA2-siRNAs, reduced insulin secretion after acute infection and determined a rise in insulin release after chronic infection. Prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) production was significantly elevated in INS-1E after long-term E. coli infection and the restored insulin secretion in presence of L798106, a specific EP3 antagonist, and NS-398, a COX-2 inhibitor, and the reduction of insulin secretion in presence of sulprostone, a specific EP3 agonist, revealed their involvement in the effects triggered by bacterial infection. The results obtained demonstrated that cPLA2 and iPLA2 play a key role in insulin secretion process after E. coli infection. The high concentration of AA released is transformed into PGE2, which could be responsible for the reduced insulin secretion.
- Subjects
PHOSPHOLIPASES; ESCHERICHIA coli; ARACHIDONIC acid; CELL lines; PROSTAGLANDINS; BACTERIAL diseases; ENDOCRINOLOGY; SMALL interfering RNA
- Publication
PLoS ONE, 2016, Vol 11, Issue 9, p1
- ISSN
1932-6203
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0159874