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- Title
Preceding pain symptoms and Parkinson's disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study.
- Authors
Lin, C.‐H.; Wu, R.‐M.; Chang, H.‐Y.; Chiang, Y.‐T.; Lin, H.‐H.
- Abstract
Background and purpose Painful sensations are recently reported to be a non-motor feature of Parkinson's disease ( PD). The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen is a common painkiller and was reported to be associated with a decreased risk of PD. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship amongst preceding pain symptoms, use of ibuprofen and risk of PD in a nationwide population-based cohort. Methods The data of participants who were free of PD at baseline were obtained from two large National Health Interview Surveys ( NHIS) in Taiwan, conducted in 2001 and 2005. The information regarding pain status included severity and location of pain. Information regarding pain status, use of ibuprofen, comorbidity of depression and PD-associated risk/protective behaviors was adjusted using proportional hazards models. Results Amongst 33 388 participants, 32 cases of incident PD were identified after a mean follow-up of 3 years. After adjusting for the use of ibuprofen and other PD risk factors, subjects with preceding pain symptoms had a higher incidence of PD than those without pain at baseline, and the hazard ratio was 1.79 (95% CI: 0.71-4.51, P = 0.21) for mild pain and 2.88 (95% CI: 1.05-7.86, P = 0.04) for moderate or severe pain. The PD risk increased by 34% with each additional increment in pain score [hazard ratio = 1.34 (1.03-1.75), P = 0.03], showing a dose-response relationship. Conclusions These findings support the hypothesis that pain is associated with PD in the pre-motor stage of the disease. Further research is needed to clarify the role of sensory system involvement in the pre-motor phase of PD.
- Subjects
PARKINSON'S disease; IBUPROFEN; BRAIN diseases; NONSTEROIDAL anti-inflammatory agents; COMORBIDITY
- Publication
European Journal of Neurology, 2013, Vol 20, Issue 10, p1398
- ISSN
1351-5101
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/ene.12197