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- Title
Allergen-induced in vitro expression of IL-18, SLAM and GATA-3 mRNA in PBMC during sublingual immunotherapy.
- Authors
Savolainen, J.; Nieminen, K.; Laaksonen, K.; Laiho, T.; Jacobsen, L.; Lahesmaa, R.; Terho, E. O.; Valovirta, E.
- Abstract
Background: Signalling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) and interleukin (IL)-18 induce interferon (IFN)-γ production from Th1 cells. The allergen-induced SLAM and IL-18 mRNA expressions are increased during subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), but nothing is known about their role during sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Transcription factor GATA-3 is associated with Th2 cells but its role in SCIT and SLIT is yet unexplored. This study was undertaken to analyse the allergen induced in vitro mRNA expression of IL-18, SLAM and GATA-3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of children with allergic rhinitis (AR) during SLIT. Methods: Ten patients with AR undergoing pollen SLIT with a weekly dose of 200 000 SQ-U, 10 with 24 000 SQ-U of mixture of Betula verrucosa, Corylus avellana and Alnus glutinosa and 10 with placebo were included. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell were stimulated with birch extract prior to, after 1 and 2 years of the treatment. The mRNA expression was assessed using kinetic real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan®; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Results: The expression of IL-18 mRNA was increased in the high-dose group in comparison to the placebo group after 1 year of therapy ( P = 0.028) and had an inverse correlation with the late phase skin reaction after the second study year ( r = −0.41, P = 0.041). SLAM mRNA expression increased in the high-dose group from baseline to 1 year ( P = 0.028) and correlated with IL-10 ( r = 0.96, P < 0.0001) and transforming growth factor-β ( r = 0.80, P = 0.0037) mRNA expression. No significant changes were seen in GATA-3 mRNA expression. Conclusions: During SLIT, IL-18 and SLAM are upregulated, suggesting that the Th2 type inflammatory response is downregulated during SLIT by increased Th1 type response.
- Subjects
IMMUNOTHERAPY complications; ALLERGENS; RESPIRATORY allergy; BLOOD cells; INTERLEUKINS; MESSENGER RNA; GENE expression; TRANSCRIPTION factors
- Publication
Allergy, 2007, Vol 62, Issue 8, p949
- ISSN
0105-4538
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01426.x