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- Title
Maintenance of HIV-Specific Memory B-Cell Responses in Elite Controllers Despite Low Viral Burdens.
- Authors
Buckner, Clarisa M.; Kardava, Lela; Xiaozhen Zhang; Gittens, Kathleen; Justement, J. Shawn; Kovacs, Colin; McDermott, Adrian B.; Yuxing Li; Sajadi, Mohammad M.; Tae-Wook Chun; Fauci, Anthony S.; Moir, Susan; Zhang, Xiaozhen; Li, Yuxing; Chun, Tae-Wook
- Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific B-cell responses in infected individuals are maintained by active HIV replication. Suppression of viremia by antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to quantitative and qualitative changes that remain unclear. Accordingly, B-cell responses were investigated in elite controllers (ECs), who maintain undetectable HIV levels without ART, and in individuals whose viremia was suppressed by ART. Despite a higher HIV burden in the ART group, compared with the EC group, frequencies of HIV-specific B cells were higher in the EC group, compared with those in the ART group. However, the initiation of ART in several ECs was associated with reduced frequencies of HIV-specific B cells, suggesting that responses are at least in part sustained by HIV replication. Furthermore, B-cell responses to tetanus toxin but not influenza hemagglutinin in the ART group were lower than those in the EC group. Thus, the superior HIV-specific humoral response in ECs versus ART-treated individuals is likely due to a more intact humoral immune response in ECs and/or distinct responses to residual HIV replication.
- Subjects
AIDS vaccines; HIV-positive persons; B cells; VIREMIA; ANTIRETROVIRAL agents; HIV infections; ANTI-HIV agents; VIRAL load; IMMUNITY; RESEARCH funding; VIRAL antibodies; HIV; LONGITUDINAL method
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016, Vol 214, Issue 3, p390
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiw163