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- Title
Infecţia cu SARS-CoV-2 în populaţia pediatrică.
- Authors
Picioreanu, Iuliana
- Abstract
Introduction. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) demonstrate a lower incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease in children than in adults. At this time, no public data have been identified on the incidence of COVID-19 in the pediatric population of Romania. In the current epidemiological context, the family doctor has a fundamental role in identifying and managing COVID-19 cases in Romania, despite the fact that he was deprived of guidance with specific recommendations to help him in the management of COVID-19 disease in children. The purpose of this paper is to provide recommendations to the family doctors who are taking care of children aged 1 month to 18 years old, with up-to-date information on children confirmed with COVID-19 as well as on child care during the pandemic. Materials and method. Systematic review of articles and studies published in virtual libraries (PubMed, Cochrane, BMJ, Elsevier, JAMA Network, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Springer Nature, Wiley) between December 2020 and March 2021, on SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Discussion and conclusions. The incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be approximately the same for children as in adults, 2-14 days, with an average of 6 days. Infants under 3 months of age and children with underlying diseases (congenital heart and respiratory diseases, chronic heart and kidney diseases, malnutrition, hereditary metabolic diseases, immunodeficiency, tumors etc.) can become severe cases. Most children have relatively mild clinical symptoms without fever or pneumonia and recover within 1-2 weeks. The most common symptoms in children are cough and/ or fever. Depending on the clinical elements corroborated with the imaging ones, COVID-19 cases can be classified into: asymptomatic infection, acute upper respiratory tract infection, mild pneumonia, severe pneumonia, critical cases. Severe pediatric cases present with obvious dyspnea and may progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, refractory metabolic acidosis, coagulation disorder, encephalopathy, and multiple organ failure. Those who progress to the severe form may have a low to moderate fever and may even be deprived of the fever characteristic of the disease. The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is a serious late complication of SARSCoV- 2 infection that can develop in a minority of children and young adults. Most children with mild or moderate illness can only be treated with supportive care which includes the prevention and management of complications.
- Subjects
ROMANIA; NEW England; MULTISYSTEM inflammatory syndrome in children; RESPIRATORY infections; JUVENILE diseases; GENETIC disorders; COVID-19; CENTERS for Disease Control &; Prevention (U.S.); COUGH
- Publication
Medic.ro, 2021, Vol 142, Issue 4, p36
- ISSN
1584-3513
- Publication type
Article