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- Title
Low Urinary Iodine Concentration Is Associated with Increased Risk for Elevated Plasma Glucose in Females: An Analysis of NHANES 2011–12.
- Authors
Ezemaduka Okoli, Chisom B.; Woldu, Henok G.; Peterson, Catherine A.
- Abstract
Iodine intake in the US has declined in recent years. Iodine insufficiency increases the risk for inadequate thyroid hormone production and there is growing evidence that sub-clinical hypothyroidism may be disruptive to metabolic health, including insulin resistance (IR). We investigated the association between urinary iodine concentrations (UIC), a measurement of iodine status, and IR in adults. Data from 1286 US adults (≥20 years) in the NHANES 2011–2012 were analyzed. Two subgroups (low = UIC < 100 µg/L and normal = UIC ≥ 100 µg/L) were compared for markers of IR, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C). Chi-square test, both linear and logistic regression models were used. In males, there were no significant associations between UIC and markers of IR; however, females with normal UIC had greater risks for elevated HOMA-IR (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI= 0.32–0.99) and HbA1C (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.34–0.90), while females with low UIC had a greater risk for FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L (AOR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.09–2.72). Results only partially support our hypothesis that UIC is associated with the odds of IR in adults. The finding of an increased risk for elevated FPG, a marker of prediabetes, in female adults with low iodine status requires further investigation.
- Subjects
INSULIN resistance risk factors; BLOOD sugar analysis; BIOMARKERS; FASTING; HOMEOSTASIS; GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin; CONFIDENCE intervals; REGRESSION analysis; RISK assessment; SEX distribution; COMPARATIVE studies; INSULIN; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; CHI-squared test; LOGISTIC regression analysis; STATISTICAL models; ODDS ratio; IODINE; IODINE deficiency; WOMEN'S health; PREDIABETIC state; DISEASE risk factors; DISEASE complications; ADULTS; MIDDLE age; OLD age
- Publication
Nutrients, 2021, Vol 13, Issue 12, p4523
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu13124523