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- Title
Comparison of the ocular characteristics of anterior uveitis caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus.
- Authors
Terada, Yukiko; Takase, Hiroshi; Kubono, Reo; Imai, Ayano; Fukuda, Shoko; Miyanaga, Masaru; Kamoi, Koju; Mochizuki, Manabu; Tomita, Makoto; Sugita, Sunao; Miyata, Kazunori
- Abstract
Purpose: To compare the clinical characteristics of anterior uveitis (AU) caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), or cytomegalovirus (CMV). Methods: The medical records were reviewed of 46 patients whose diagnoses were based on their clinical characteristics [e.g., unilateral involvement, presence of keratic precipitates (KPs), and elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP)] and on PCR detection of herpes virus DNA in the aqueous humor. The demographics, chief complaints, and clinical characteristics of the three types of herpetic AU were compared. Results: Of the 46 patients with AU, eight had HSV-AU, 20 had VZV-AU, and 18 had CMV-AU. HSV-AU and VZV-AU shared common features, i.e., a relatively acute disease process and the presence of large KPs. Among the three groups of patients, the characteristic features of those with VZV-AU were severe intraocular inflammation, as shown by severe aqueous flare, highest viral load in the aqueous humor, and presence of segmental iris atrophy. In comparison, patients with CMV-AU had the mildest intraocular inflammation, lowest corneal endothelial cell density, and highest IOP. Conclusions: Although the AU caused by each of the three types of herpes viruses has a number of common features, each disease also has distinct features that should facilitate an accurate diagnosis.
- Subjects
IRIDOCYCLITIS; HERPES simplex virus; VARICELLA-zoster virus; CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES; INTRAOCULAR pressure; POLYMERASE chain reaction; ENDOTHELIAL cells
- Publication
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2014, Vol 58, Issue 6, p473
- ISSN
0021-5155
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10384-014-0340-6