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- Title
Assessment of central adrenal insufficiency in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome.
- Authors
Corrias, Andrea; Grugni, Graziano; Crinò, Antonino; Di Candia, Stefania; Chiabotto, Patrizia; Cogliardi, Anna; Chiumello, Giuseppe; De Medici, Clotilde; Spera, Sabrina; Gargantini, Luigi; Iughetti, Lorenzo; Luce, Antonella; Mariani, Benedetta; Ragusa, Letizia; Salvatoni, Alessandro; Andrulli, Simeone; Mussa, Alessandro; Beccaria, Luciano
- Abstract
Objective A recent study evidenced by metyrapone test a central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) in 60% of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) children. These results were not confirmed in investigations with low [Low-Dose Tetracosactrin Stimulation Test (LDTST), 1 μg] or standard-dose tetracosactrin stimulation tests. We extended the research by LDTST in paediatric patients with PWS. Design Cross-sectional evaluation of adrenal stress response to LDTST in a PWS cohort of a tertiary care referral centre. Patients Eighty-four children with PWS. Measurements Assessment of adrenal response by morning cortisol and ACTH dosage, and 1-μg tetracosactrin test. Response was considered appropriate when cortisol reached 500 n m; below this threshold, patients were submitted to a second test. Responses were correlated with the patients' clinical and molecular characteristics to assess genotype-phenotype correlation. Results Pathological cortisol peak responses to the LDTST were registered in 12 patients (14·3%) who had reduced basal (169·4 ± 83·3 n m) and stimulated (428·1 ± 69·6 n m) cortisol levels compared to patients with normal responses (367·1 ± 170·6 and 775·9 ± 191·3 n m, P < 0·001). Body mass index standard deviation score was negatively correlated with basal and peak cortisol levels (both P < 0·001), and the patients' ages ( P < 0·001). In patients with deletion on chromosome 15, the cortisol peak was significantly lower than that in uniparental disomy (UPD) cases ( P = 0·030). At multiple regression analysis, the predictors of peak response were basal cortisol, age, and UPD subclass ( r2 =0·353, P < 0·001). Standard-dose (250 μg) tetracosactrin test confirmed CAI in 4/12 patients (4·8% of the cohort). Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that, albeit rare, CAI may be part of the PWS in childhood.
- Subjects
PRADER-Willi syndrome; HUMAN chromosome 15 abnormalities; ADRENAL glands; HYDROCORTISONE; PHENOTYPES
- Publication
Clinical Endocrinology, 2012, Vol 76, Issue 6, p843
- ISSN
0300-0664
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04313.x