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- Title
Improving diagnosis and treatment of hypomagnesemia.
- Authors
Salinas, Maria; López-Garrigós, Maite; Flores, Emilio; Leiva-Salinas, Carlos
- Abstract
Magnesium is one of the most abundant cations in the body and acts as a cofactor in more than 600 biochemical reactions. Hypomagnesemia is a highly prevalent condition, especially in subjects with comorbid conditions, but has received less attention than other electrolyte disturbances. This review will discuss magnesium physiology, absorption, storage, distribution across the body, and kidney excretion. After reviewing the regulation of magnesium homeostasis, we will focus on the etiology and clinical presentation of hypomagnesemia. The role of laboratory medicine in hypomagnesemia will be the main purpose of this review, and we will discuss the laboratory tests and different samples and methods for its measurement. Although free magnesium is physiologically active, total serum magnesium is the most commonly used measurement in laboratory medicine and is apt for clinical purposes; however, it is not appropriately used, and many patients with hypomagnesemia remain undiagnosed and not treated. Using information technologies, laboratory medicine can largely improve the diagnosis and treatment of hypomagnesemia through the design and establishment of automatic demand management and result management interventions by acting in the first and last steps of the laboratory cycle, test requests, and actions taken after test results, to unmask patients with hypomagnesemia and improve the number of patients undergoing treatment.
- Subjects
HYPOMAGNESEMIA; SYMPTOMS; CLINICAL pathology; DIAGNOSIS; MAGNESIUM; HOMEOSTASIS
- Publication
Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine, 2024, Vol 62, Issue 2, p234
- ISSN
1434-6621
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1515/cclm-2023-0537