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- Title
Morphology, topology and dimensions of the heart and arteries of genetically normal and mutant mouse embryos at stages S21-S23.
- Authors
Geyer, Stefan H.; Reissig, Lukas F.; Hüsemann, Markus; Höfle, Cordula; Wilson, Robert; Prin, Fabrice; Szumska, Dorota; Galli, Antonella; Adams, David J.; White, Jacqui; Mohun, Timothy J.; Weninger, Wolfgang J.
- Abstract
Accurate identification of abnormalities in the mouse embryo depends not only on comparisons with appropriate, developmental stage-matched controls, but also on an appreciation of the range of anatomical variation that can be expected during normal development. Here we present a morphological, topological and metric analysis of the heart and arteries of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day (E)14.5, based on digital volume data of whole embryos analysed by high-resolution episcopic microscopy ( HREM). By comparing data from 206 genetically normal embryos, we have analysed the range and frequency of normal anatomical variations in the heart and major arteries across Theiler stages S21-S23. Using this, we have identified abnormalities in these structures among 298 embryos from mutant mouse lines carrying embryonic lethal gene mutations produced for the Deciphering the Mechanisms of Developmental Disorders ( DMDD) programme. We present examples of both commonly occurring abnormal phenotypes and novel pathologies that most likely alter haemodynamics in these genetically altered mouse embryos. Our findings offer a reference baseline for identifying accurately abnormalities of the heart and arteries in embryos that have largely completed organogenesis.
- Subjects
MICE embryology; CARDIOVASCULAR development; ANIMAL models in research; EMBRYONIC physiology; HUMAN abnormalities
- Publication
Journal of Anatomy, 2017, Vol 231, Issue 4, p600
- ISSN
0021-8782
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/joa.12663