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- Title
Effects of silane and the lowering of pH on the properties of phenol–formaldehyde resol resins and resin coatings.
- Authors
Janne Monni; Leila Alvila; Jouni Rainio; Tuula T. Pakkanen
- Abstract
Phenol–formaldehyde resol resins were modified by the addition of silane (3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane) and the lowering of pH (formic acid). The effects of the modifications on the properties of the resins during storage were studied through comparison with the parent resins and by viscosity measurements, NMR spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Resin coatings on paper were prepared to determine the influence of discoloration of the resin solution on the color of the cured resin. A decrease in the pH of the NaOH‐catalyzed resin solutions lightened the color of the solutions and corresponding coatings, whereas silane additions made the coatings slightly more yellow. The lowering of pH increased the viscosities and decreased the reactivities of the resin solutions compared with the unmodified reference resins during storage. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1933–1941, 2007
- Subjects
HYDROGEN-ion concentration; COATING processes; SURFACES (Technology); SILANE compounds
- Publication
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2007, Vol 104, Issue 3, p1933
- ISSN
0021-8995
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/app.25880