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- Title
Antibacterial activity of crude methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale leaf and its fractions on isolates of diarrhoea-causing pathogenic Escherichia Coli and Salmonella enterica.
- Authors
Ifenkwe, D. C.; Madubuike, K. G.; Nwakudu, O. N.; Ukwueze, J. I.; Chima, U. M.; Onoja, S. O.; Ewa, E.; Akomas, S. C.
- Abstract
This study investigated the antibacterial activity of Anacardium occidentale leaf crude extract and it's derived; petroleum, chloroform and methanol fractions on isolates of diarrhoea-causing pathogenic Escherichia. coli, and Salmonella enterica. The protocol described by Kupchan and Tsou as modified by Houghton and Raman was used to partition the crude extract. Field strains of Salmonellae enterica and E. coli enterobacteria, were obtained using standard procedures adopted by Mufandaedza. Holes were bored in the agar, using a sterile borer which enabled the application of crude extract and the fractions, and thereafter, incubated for 24 hours. Results of the study showed that the crude extract elicited better (p<0.05) growth inhibitory (56.11 and 58.14%) effect on the E. coli and S. enterica isolates respectively, better than any of the derived fractions that recorded less than 30% activity, suggesting an additive, complementary or synergistic effect of individual composite fraction, rather than the role of a single biomolecular fraction in the leaf extract of A. occidentale, hence partitioning, adversely reduced or disintegrated the additive effect of the crude extract on enterogenic bacteria investigated. In conclusion, the crude extract of Anacardium occidentale, have shown good anti-bacterial activity, principally by inhibiting the growth of diarrhoea causing enterogenic E. coli and Salmonella organisms' growth in vitro, hence supporting its folkloric use in the management of enterogenic diarrhoea by traditional healers.
- Subjects
ANTIBACTERIAL agents; CASHEW tree; PLANT extracts; DIAGNOSIS of diarrhea; SALMONELLA enterica
- Publication
Journal of Sustainable Veterinary & Allied Sciences, 2023, Vol 5, Issue 2, p73
- ISSN
2811-1346
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.54328/covm.josvas.2023.137