We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
The effects of aerobic exercise training at two different intensities in obesity and type 2 diabetes: implications for oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation and nitric oxide production.
- Authors
Krause, Mauricio; Rodrigues-Krause, Josianne; O'Hagan, Ciara; Medlow, Paul; Davison, Gareth; Susta, Davide; Boreham, Colin; Newsholme, Philip; O'Donnell, Mark; Murphy, Colin; Vito, Giuseppe
- Abstract
Aims: To investigate the effect of 16 weeks of aerobic training performed at two different intensities on nitric oxide (tNO x) availability and iNOS/nNOS expression, oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation in obese humans with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Twenty-five sedentary, obese (BMI > 30 kg/m) males (52.8 ± 7.2 years); 12 controls versus 13 T2DM were randomly allocated to four groups that exercised for 30 min, three times per week either at low (Fat-Max; 30-40 % VO) or moderate ( T; 55-65 % VO) intensity. Before and after training, blood and muscle samples (v. lateralis) were collected. Results: Baseline erythrocyte glutathione was lower (21.8 ± 2.8 vs. 32.7 ± 4.4 nmol/ml) and plasma protein oxidative damage and IL-6 were higher in T2DM (141.7 ± 52.1 vs. 75.5 ± 41.6 nmol/ml). Plasma catalase increased in T2DM after T training (from 0.98 ± 0.22 to 1.96 ± 0.3 nmol/min/ml). T2DM groups demonstrated evidence of oxidative damage in response to training (elevated protein carbonyls). Baseline serum tNO x were higher in controls than T2DM (18.68 ± 2.78 vs. 12.34 ± 3.56 μmol/l). Training at T increased muscle nNOS and tNO x in the control group only. Pre-training muscle nNOS was higher in controls than in T2DMs, while the opposite was found for iNOS. No differences were found after training for plasma inflammatory markers. Conclusion: Exercise training did not change body composition or aerobic fitness, but improved OS markers, especially when performed at T. Non-diabetics responded to T training by increasing muscle nNOS expression and tNO x levels in skeletal muscle while these parameters did not change in T2DM, perhaps due to higher insulin resistance (unchanged after intervention).
- Subjects
PHYSICAL training &; conditioning; EXERCISE; NITRIC oxide; NITROGEN compounds; OVERWEIGHT persons; PEOPLE with diabetes
- Publication
European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2014, Vol 114, Issue 2, p251
- ISSN
1439-6319
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00421-013-2769-6