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- Title
Palm kernel cake in high-concentrate diets for feedlot goat kids: nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, nitrogen balance, blood metabolites, and performance.
- Authors
de Carvalho Rodrigues, Thomaz Cyro Guimarães; Santos, Stefanie Alvarenga; Cirne, Luis Gabriel Alves; dos Santos Pina, Douglas; Alba, Henry Daniel Ruiz; de Araújo, Maria Leonor Garcia Melo Lopes; Silva, Willian Pereira; de Oliveira Nascimento, Camila; Rodrigues, Carlindo Santos; Tosto, Manuela Silva Libânio; de Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto
- Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of including palm kernel cake (PKC) in high-concentrate diets for feedlot goat kids on nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, nitrogen balance, blood metabolites, and performance. Thirty-two castrated crossbred Boer × mixed breed goat kids with an average age of 4 months and an initial body weight of 19.65 ± 3.00 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. The diets included one of four levels (0, 12, 24, and 36%) of PKC on a total dry matter basis. The PKC inclusion in the diets promoted quadratic effects in the nutrient intakes (P ≤ 0.05). The digestibility of ether extract increased (P = 0.010), whereas the digestibility of non-fibrous carbohydrates decreased (P = 0.017) with the inclusion of PKC. Palm kernel cake inclusion promoted a quadratic effect on the time spent per episode feeding and decreased the times spent idling and ruminated bolus per day (P ≤ 0.05). The ingested and retained nitrogen decreased with the inclusion of PKC (P ≤ 0.05). The inclusion of PKC in the diets had quadratic effects in the cholesterol concentrations, albumin (A), globulin (G), A:G ratio, and gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme activity (P ≤ 0.05). The PKC inclusion promoted a quadratic increase in total weight gain (P = 0.026), with the highest value achieved at the inclusion level of 11.68%. The inclusion of up to 12% PKC in high-concentrate diets increases the intake and growth performance without compromising the digestibility of nutrients and feed efficiency.
- Publication
Tropical Animal Health & Production, 2021, Vol 53, Issue 5, p1
- ISSN
0049-4747
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11250-021-02893-y