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- Title
Sterically‐Hindered Molecular p‐Dopants Promote Integer Charge Transfer in Organic Semiconductors.
- Authors
Charoughchi, Somaiyeh; Liu, Jiang Tian; Berteau‐Rainville, Melissa; Hase, Hannes; Askari, Mohammad S.; Bhagat, Shubham; Forgione, Pat; Salzmann, Ingo
- Abstract
Molecular p‐dopants designed to undergo electron transfer with organic semiconductors are typically planar molecules with high electron affinity. However, their planarity can promote the formation of ground‐state charge transfer complexes with the semiconductor host and results in fractional instead of integer charge transfer, which is highly detrimental to doping efficiency. Here, we show this process can be readily overcome by targeted dopant design exploiting steric hindrance. To this end, we synthesize and characterize the remarkably stable p‐dopant 2,2′,2′′‐(cyclopropane‐1,2,3‐triylidene)tris(2‐(perfluorophenyl)acetonitrile) comprising pendant functional groups that sterically shield its central core while retaining high electron affinity. Finally, we demonstrate it outperforms a planar dopant of identical electron affinity and increases the thin film conductivity by up to an order of magnitude. We believe exploiting steric hindrance represents a promising design strategy towards molecular dopants of enhanced doping efficiency.
- Subjects
ORGANIC semiconductors; ELECTRON donor-acceptor complexes; STERIC hindrance; ELECTRON affinity; CHARGE exchange; INTEGERS
- Publication
Angewandte Chemie, 2023, Vol 135, Issue 31, p1
- ISSN
0044-8249
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ange.202304964