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- Title
Novel type II cell wall architecture in dichlobenil-habituated maize calluses.
- Authors
Mélida, Hugo; García-Angulo, Penélope; Alonso-Simón, Ana; Encina, Antonio; Álvarez, Jesús; Acebes, José Luis
- Abstract
Growth of maize ( Zea mays L.) callus-culture cells was inhibited using dichlobenil (2,6 dichlorobenzonitrile, DCB) concentrations ≥1 μM; I50 value for the effect on inhibited fresh weight gain was 1.5 μM. By increasing the DCB concentration in the culture medium, DCB-habituated cells became 13 times more tolerant of the inhibitor ( I50: 20 μM). In comparison with non-habituated calluses, DCB-habituated calluses grew slower, were less friable and were formed by irregularly shaped cells surrounded by a thicker cell wall. By using an extensive array of techniques, changes in type II cell wall composition and structure associated with DCB habituation were studied. Walls from DCB-habituated cells showed a reduction of up to 75% in cellulose content, which was compensated for by a net increase in arabinoxylan content. Arabinoxylans also showed a reduction in their extractability and a marked increase in their relative molecular mass. DCB habituation also involved a shift from ferulate to coumarate-rich cells walls, and enrichment in cell wall esterified hydroxycinnamates and dehydroferulates. The content of polymers such as mixed-glucan, xyloglucan, mannans, pectins or proteins did not vary or was reduced. These results prove that the architecture of type II cell walls is able to compensate for deficiencies in cellulose content with a more extensive and phenolic cross-linked network of arabinoxylans, without necessitating β-glucan or other polymer enhancement. As a consequence of this modified architecture, walls from DCB-habituated cells showed a reduction in their swelling capacity and an increase both in pore size and in resistance to polysaccharide hydrolytic enzymes.
- Subjects
CORN growth; CELL culture; CALLUS; PLANT cell walls; PLANT cells &; tissues; CELLULOSE; GLUCANS; POLYMERS; POLYSACCHARIDES
- Publication
Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology, 2008, Vol 229, Issue 3, p617
- ISSN
0032-0935
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00425-008-0860-8