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- Title
First-Trimester Crown-Rump Length and Embryonic Volume of Fetuses with Structural Congenital Abnormalities Measured in Virtual Reality: An Observational Study.
- Authors
Baken, L.; Benoit, B.; Koning, A. H. J.; van der Spek, P. J.; Steegers, E. A. P.; Exalto, N.
- Abstract
Background. With the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound it has become possible to measure volumes. The relative increase in embryonic volume (EV) is much larger than that of the crown-rump length (CRL) over the same time period. We examined whether EV is a better parameter to determine growth restriction in fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities. Study Design, Subjects, and Outcome Measures. CRL and EV were measured using a Virtual Reality (VR) system in prospectively collected 3D ultrasound volumes of 56 fetuses diagnosed with structural congenital abnormalities in the first trimester of pregnancy (gestational age 7+5 to 14+5 weeks). Measured CRL and EV were converted to z-scores and to percentages of the expected mean using previously published reference curves of euploid fetuses. The one-sample t-test was performed to test significance. Results. The EV was smaller than expected for GA in fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities (−35% p<0.001, z-score −1.44 p<0.001), whereas CRL was not (−6.43% p=0.118, z-score −0.43 p=0.605). Conclusions. CRL is a less reliable parameter to determine growth restriction in fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities as compared with EV. By measuring EV, growth restriction in first-trimester fetuses with structural congenital abnormalities becomes more evident and enables an earlier detection of these cases.
- Subjects
HUMAN abnormalities; COMPUTER simulation; CONFIDENCE intervals; FETAL ultrasonic imaging; FIRST trimester of pregnancy; STATISTICAL hypothesis testing; T-test (Statistics); USER interfaces; THREE-dimensional imaging; FETAL development; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
BioMed Research International, 2017, Vol 2017, p1
- ISSN
2314-6133
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1155/2017/1953076