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- Title
Silicon Amendment Enhances Agronomic Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilization in Maize and Wheat Crops under Tropical Conditions.
- Authors
Galindo, Fernando Shintate; Pagliari, Paulo Humberto; Rodrigues, Willian Lima; Fernandes, Guilherme Carlos; Boleta, Eduardo Henrique Marcandalli; Santini, José Mateus Kondo; Jalal, Arshad; Buzetti, Salatiér; Lavres, José; Teixeira Filho, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto
- Abstract
Sustainable management strategies are needed to improve agronomic efficiency and cereal yield production under harsh abiotic climatic conditions such as in tropical Savannah. Under these environments, field-grown crops are usually exposed to drought and high temperature conditions. Silicon (Si) application could be a useful and sustainable strategy to enhance agronomic N use efficiency, leading to better cereal development. This study was developed to explore the effect of Si application as a soil amendment source (Ca and Mg silicate) associated with N levels applied in a side-dressing (control, low, medium and high N levels) on maize and wheat development, N uptake, agronomic efficiency and grain yield. The field experiments were carried out during four cropping seasons, using two soil amendment sources (Ca and Mg silicate and dolomitic limestone) and four N levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha−1). The following evaluations were performed in maize and wheat crops: the shoots and roots biomass, total N, N-NO3−, N-NH4+ and Si accumulation in the shoots, roots and grain tissue, leaf chlorophyll index, grain yield and agronomic efficiency. The silicon amendment application enhanced leaf chlorophyll index, agronomic efficiency and N-uptake in maize and wheat plants, benefiting shoots and roots development and leading to a higher grain yield (an increase of 5.2 and 7.6%, respectively). It would be possible to reduce N fertilization in maize from 185–180 to 100 kg N ha−1 while maintaining similar grain yield with Si application. Additionally, Si application would reduce N fertilization in wheat from 195–200 to 100 kg N ha−1. Silicon application could be a key technology for improving plant-soil N-management, especially in Si accumulator crops, leading to a more sustainable cereal production under tropical conditions.
- Subjects
SAVANNAH (Ga.); TROPICAL conditions; TROPICAL crops; ROOT crops; SOIL amendments; SILICON; WHEAT; CORN
- Publication
Plants (2223-7747), 2021, Vol 10, Issue 7, p1329
- ISSN
2223-7747
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/plants10071329