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- Title
Sensitization and cross-reactivity patterns of contact allergy to diisocyanates and corresponding amines: investigation of diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4′-diamine, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, and dicylohexylmethane-4,4′-diamine
- Authors
Hamada, Haneen; Bruze, Magnus; Zimerson, Erik; Isaksson, Marléne; Engfeldt, Malin
- Abstract
Background Isocyanates are used in polyurethane production. Dermal exposure to isocyanates can induce contact allergy. The most common isocyanate is diphenylmethane diisocyanate used for industrial purposes. The isomer diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (4,4′- MDI) is used in patch testing. Diphenylmethane-4,4′-diamine (4,4′- MDA) is its corresponding amine. Concurrent reactions to 4,4′- MDI and 4,4′- MDA have been reported, as have concurrent reactions to 4,4′- MDI and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (4,4′- DMDI). Objectives To investigate the sensitization capacities and the cross-reactivity of 4,4′- MDI, 4,4′- MDA, 4,4′- DMDI, and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diamine (4,4′- DMDA). Methods The guinea-pig maximization test ( GPMT) was used. Results The GPMT showed sensitizing capacities for all investigated substances: 4,4′- MDI, 4,4′- MDA, 4,4′- DMDI, and 4,4′- DMDA (all p < 0.001). 4,4′- MDI-sensitized animals showed cross-reactivity to 4,4′- MDA ( p < 0.001) and 4,4′- DMDI (all p < 0.05). 4,4′- MDA-sensitized animals showed cross-reactivity to 4,4′- DMDA ( p = 0.008). Conclusion All of the investigated substances were shown to be strong sensitizers. Animals sensitized to 4,4′- MDI showed cross-reactivity to 4,4′- MDA and 4,4′- DMDI, supporting previous findings in the literature. The aromatic amine 4,4′- MDA showed cross-reactivity to the aliphatic amine 4,4′- DMDA.
- Subjects
ISOCYANATES; AMINES; GUINEA pigs; ALLERGIES; POLYURETHANES
- Publication
Contact Dermatitis (01051873), 2017, Vol 77, Issue 4, p231
- ISSN
0105-1873
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/cod.12809