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- Title
Thermal Nanoimprint Lithography—A Review of the Process, Mold Fabrication, and Material.
- Authors
Unno, Noriyuki; Mäkelä, Tapio
- Abstract
Micro- and nanopatterns perform unique functions and have attracted attention in various industrial fields, such as electronic devices, microfluidics, biotechnology, optics, sensors, and smart and anti-adhesion surfaces. To put fine-patterned products to practical use, low-cost patterning technology is necessary. Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a promising technique for high-throughput nanopattern fabrication. In particular, thermal nanoimprint lithography (T-NIL) has the advantage of employing flexible materials and eliminating chemicals and solvents. Moreover, T-NIL is particularly suitable for compostable and recyclable materials, especially when applying biobased materials for use in optics and electronics. These attributes make T-NIL an eco-friendly process. However, the processing time of normal T-NIL is longer than that of ultraviolet (UV) NIL using a UV-curable resin because the T-NIL process requires heating and cooling time. Therefore, many studies focus on improving the throughput of T-NIL. Specifically, a T-NIL process based on a roll-to-roll web system shows promise for next-generation nanopatterning techniques because it enables large-area applications with the capability to process webs several meters in width. In this review, the T-NIL process, roll mold fabrication techniques, and various materials are introduced. Moreover, metal pattern transfer techniques using a combination of nanotransfer printing, T-NIL, and a reverse offset are introduced.
- Subjects
NANOIMPRINT lithography; PROCESS capability; RECYCLABLE material; ELECTRONIC equipment; NANOPATTERNING
- Publication
Nanomaterials (2079-4991), 2023, Vol 13, Issue 14, p2031
- ISSN
2079-4991
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nano13142031