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- Title
Nested exposure case-control sampling: a sampling scheme to analyze rare time-dependent exposures.
- Authors
Feifel, Jan; Gebauer, Madlen; Schumacher, Martin; Beyersmann, Jan
- Abstract
For large cohort studies with rare outcomes, the nested case-control design only requires data collection of small subsets of the individuals at risk. These are typically randomly sampled at the observed event times and a weighted, stratified analysis takes over the role of the full cohort analysis. Motivated by observational studies on the impact of hospital-acquired infection on hospital stay outcome, we are interested in situations, where not necessarily the outcome is rare, but time-dependent exposure such as the occurrence of an adverse event or disease progression is. Using the counting process formulation of general nested case-control designs, we propose three sampling schemes where not all commonly observed outcomes need to be included in the analysis. Rather, inclusion probabilities may be time-dependent and may even depend on the past sampling and exposure history. A bootstrap analysis of a full cohort data set from hospital epidemiology allows us to investigate the practical utility of the proposed sampling schemes in comparison to a full cohort analysis and a too simple application of the nested case-control design, if the outcome is not rare.
- Subjects
NOSOCOMIAL infections; COHORT analysis; HOSPITAL building design &; construction; PROPORTIONAL hazards models; STATISTICS; COMPUTER simulation; RESEARCH; TIME; RESEARCH methodology; CASE-control method; CROSS infection; MEDICAL cooperation; EVALUATION research; COMPARATIVE studies; RESEARCH funding; LONGITUDINAL method; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research; ENVIRONMENTAL exposure
- Publication
Lifetime Data Analysis, 2020, Vol 26, Issue 1, p21
- ISSN
1380-7870
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1007/s10985-018-9453-4