In total, in the Sierra de Alcaraz (Albacete, SE of the Iberian Peninsula) 23 Ophrys-pollinator/potential pollinator/s interactions have been recorded in 9 Ophrys species, of which 4 are specialists (Ophrys-pollinator) and 5, generalists (Ophrys- pollinators) so the widespread belief in the highly specialized pollination of Ophrys is questioned.