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- Title
Association between Food, Beverages and Overweight/Obesity in Children and Adolescents—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
- Authors
Jakobsen, Dorthe Dalstrup; Brader, Lea; Bruun, Jens Meldgaard
- Abstract
A healthy diet is essential to prevent childhood obesity, however, adherence to a healthy diet is challenging. The aim of this study was to give a comprehensive overview of the literature investigaating associations between food and beverages and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in order to identify dietary risk factors. A systematic search was performed in four databases and observational studies were included. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effect model. Sixty records met inclusion criteria and 14 different food or beverage categories were identified. A higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages increased the odds of overweight/obesity by 1.20 (p < 0.05) (n = 26) and higher intake of fast food increased the odds of overweight/obesity by 1.17 (p < 0.05) (n = 24). Furthermore, higher intake of meat (OR 1.02, p < 0.05 (n:7)) and refined grains (OR 1.28, p < 0.05 (n:3)) was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. In contrast, higher intake of whole grain (OR 0.86, p = 0.04 (n:5)) and more surprisingly sweet bakery (OR 0.59, p < 0.05 (n:3)) was associated with a decreased risk of overweight/obesity. In conclusion, a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and a higher intake of fast food was identified as the primary dietary risk factors for overweight/obesity. Future research is needed to strengthen the generalizability of these results.
- Subjects
RISK of childhood obesity; FOOD habits; ONLINE information services; BEVERAGES; META-analysis; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; SYSTEMATIC reviews; RISK assessment; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; RESEARCH funding; ODDS ratio; MEDLINE
- Publication
Nutrients, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 3, p764
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu15030764